Wireless sensor networks attract so much attention in current IoT-enabled industrial and domestic applications having either homogeneous or heterogeneous sensors deployed to acquire information of intent. WSNs are intended to work involving self-fueled sensor hubs as their decision of use is geographic basic. Such hubs should uphold energy effectiveness so that the network life span turns out to be high. Group head choice plays an essential stage in a WSN design which mostly centers around the minimization of organization energy utilization. It bunches sensor hubs so that a modern organization group is framed to have an improved lifetime other than a low power utilization. A famous grouping procedure, known as LEACH and its variations, is viewed as energy effective contrasted with its partners. A novel fully connected energy-efficient clustering (FCEEC) mechanism using the electrostatic discharge algorithm to establish a fully connected network with shortest path routing from sensor nodes (SNs) to cluster head (CH) in a multihop environment. The proposed electrostatic discharge algorithm(ESDA)enhances network lifetime while attaining energy- efficient full connectivity between sensor nodes. As a result of ESD, the dead node count is reduced significantly so that the network longevity is increased. In the end, simulation results exhibited improved performance metrics such as energy efficiency, dead node count, packet delivery, and network latency compared to a certain conventional CH selection approach.

Thus, it is observed from the above results that the ESDAbased FCEEC algorithm facilitates optimum CH-BS placement and the shortest path discovery for full connectivity of nodes. The proposed method improves the packet delivery rate, and most importantly, the energy efficiency of nodes is increased significantly whencompared with the generic LEACH and other conventional methods. Hence, it is concluded that the newly inducted FCEEC results in the optimization of WSN output parameters in terms of reduction in node energy by 96%, reduction of dead nodes by 25.8%, increase in the packet delivery rate by 32.28%, and the network latency by 66.46%, respectively.

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