This paper presents a unified MATLAB/Simulink-based comparative evaluation of a Lorentz torque damper and nine conventional passive, semi-active, and active damping techniques for wind turbine blade vibration control. All damping systems are implemented on an identical blade–generator dynamic model and subjected to the same gust-induced aerodynamic excitation to ensure objective comparison. Performance is assessed using settling time, root mean square (RMS) vibration amplitude, overshoot, added structural mass, energy consumption, maintenance demand index, vibration suppression efficiency, and cost index. Simulation results show that the Lorentz torque damper achieves the shortest settling time (3.25–5.01 s), the lowest RMS vibration amplitude (62–71% reduction), minimal overshoot, negligible added mass, and the lowest energy and maintenance requirements among all evaluated techniques. These findings demonstrate that Lorentz torque damping provides a lightweight, energy-efficient, and economically viable solution for large-scale wind turbine blade vibration mitigation.

This study presents a unified comparative evaluation of ten damping strategies for wind turbine blade vibration control. The Lorentz torque damper consistently outperforms conventional passive, semi-active, and active dampers by achieving the fastest settling time, lowest RMS vibration amplitude, minimal overshoot, negligible added mass, and the lowest energy, maintenance, and economic costs. Its non-contact electromagnetic operating principle eliminates mechanical wear and enhances long-term reliability, making it a highly promising solution for next-generation, large-scale wind turbine applications.

Awada, A., Younes, R., & Ilinca, A. (2021). A review of vibration control methods for wind turbines. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 142, 110832. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.110832 Bin, G., Li, X., Shen, Y., & Wang, W. (2018). Development of a whole-machine high-speed balance approach for turbomachinery shaft systems with N + 1 supports. Measurement, 122, 368–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2018.02.035 Chen, Y. H., Yue, Y. F., Zhang, Y., Li, R. P., & Xu, X. (2023). Numerical investigation of vibration suppression for a combined device of non-Newtonian fluids coupled with an elastic baffle. Journal of Vibration Engineering & Technologies, 11(3), 591–602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42417-022-00670-5 Chong, C. H., Rigit, A. R. H., & Ali, I. (2021). Wind turbine modelling and simulation using MATLAB/Simulink. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1101(1), 012034. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1101/1/012034 Fitzgerald, B., Basu, B., & Nielsen, S. R. K. (2013). Active tuned mass dampers for control of in-plane vibrations of wind turbine blades. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 20(10), 1377–1396. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.1548 Gönül, Ö., Duman, A. C., Deveci, K., & Güler, Ö. (2021). An assessment of wind energy status, incentive mechanisms, and market structure in Turkey. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 24(6), 1383–1395. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2021.03.016 Huang, Z., Tan, J., & Lu, X. (2021). Phase difference and stability of a shaft-mounted dry friction damper: Effects of viscous internal damping and gyroscopic moment. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 13(3), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1177/1687814021996919 Ismaiel, A. (2023). Wind turbine blade dynamics simulation under the effect of atmospheric turbulence. Emerging Science Journal, 7(1), 162–176. https://doi.org/10.28991/ESJ-2023-07-01-012 Kavade, R. K., Sonekar, M. M., Choudhari, D. S., Malwe, P. D., Sherje, N. P., Ansari, M. A., Shah, M. A., & Kumar, A. (2024). Investigation on fixed-pitch Darrieus vertical axis wind turbine. AIP Advances, 14(7), 075202. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0203609 Kim, Y., Hwang, W., Kee, C., & Yi, H. (2006). Active vibration control of a suspension system using an electromagnetic damper. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 215(5), 865–873. Kocabiyikoğlu, Z. U. (2020). Principles of electromechanical energy conversion. In Electromechanical Energy Conversion (pp. 103–136). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429317637-3 Li, J., Zhu, S., Zhang, J., Ma, R., & Zuo, H. (2024). Vibration control of offshore wind turbines using a novel energy-adaptive self-powered active mass damper. Engineering Structures, 302, 117450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2024.117450 Li, Y., Huang, X., Tee, K. F., Li, Q., & Wu, X. P. (2020). Comparative study of onshore and offshore wind characteristics and wind energy potential. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 39, 100711. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2020.100711 Machado, M. R., & Dutkiewicz, M. (2024). Wind turbine vibration management: An integrated analysis of existing solutions, products, and open-source developments. Energy Reports, 11, 3756–3791. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2024.03.014 Meng, J., & Sun, D. (2017). Vibration suppression of wind turbine blades using a bamboo-wall three-layer damping structure. Journal of Vibroengineering, 19(1), 87–99. https://doi.org/10.21595/jve.2016.17378 Okokpujie, I. P., Akinlabi, E. T., Udoye, N. E., & Okokpujie, K. (2021). Comprehensive review of vibration effects on wind turbines and mitigation strategies. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 935–948. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4488-0_79 Sumair, M., Aized, T., Gardezi, S. A. R., Rehman, S. M. S., & ur Rehman, S. U. (2021). Investigation of wind shear coefficients and their effect on annual energy yield. Energy Exploration & Exploitation, 39(6), 2169–2190. https://doi.org/10.1177/0144598720930422 Zhang, Z., Li, X., Larsen, T. G., Sun, T., & Yang, Q. (2024). Pole-placement-based calibration of an electromagnetically realizable inerter-based vibration absorber for rotating wind turbine blades. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 31, e7255774. https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/7255774

© 2025 International Journal of Engineering and Techniques (IJET).

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

IJET assigns a unique DOI to every accepted article via Zenodo for persistent linking and citation. Your article’s DOI: https://doi.org/{{doi}}

Open DOI About Zenodo DOI

Close